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If the lady from Marshak’s children’s poem were traveling by plane, it would not be so easy for her to check in a painting, a basket and a piece of cardboard as luggage. A dog without a passport would not have been allowed on board at all. It is almost impossible to remember all the details, what, why, how and where you can transport it. But the main thing is to know where to turn. Start your dive into the wonderful world of rules for carrying everything on a plane with our article.

For navigation:

How much weight does a plane lift?

The weight of an aircraft is a variable quantity consisting of a bunch of interrelated variables. The maximum take-off weight of the aircraft is specified during production, but what it will consist of varies from flight to flight.

First, you need to remember that there are different types of aircraft: from small Embraer E-175 to wide-body Boeing 777, where there can be 10 seats in one row.

Secondly, the flight range matters: the amount of fuel required depends on it. That’s why large airplanes fly over long distances: they have more wing lift and can carry more people and luggage that make up the commercial load. Fuel, by the way, is calculated before the flight depending on the cabin load - and who loaded it, a children's camp of skinny seven-year-olds or impressive men. And also from the weather, the distance of the alternate airfield, the built-in need to stop for refueling somewhere in the middle of the route... Oh, everything is complicated there.

In principle, airplanes have different passenger capacity, and it does not directly depend on its type. The same aircraft model may have different distances between seats, and may or may not have first and business classes. This is already the airline's entertainment field. For charter companies, for example, it is not profitable to offer privileged classes: the more passengers you can transport, the more trips you can sell, everything is in the black.

When loading the luggage compartment, not only tonnage matters, but also volume. Simply put: the load can be large but light (like a batch of duvets), or it can be small but weighty. If the load is heavy, there is a limit on the load on the floors. And dangerous goods require more space around them. A whole science.

So the total permissible weight of the luggage compartment, as well as the entire aircraft, with fuel and the corpulent Aunt Manya in the next seat, will always be different. That's why smart people came up with the average weight of luggage and carry-on luggage with the expectation that someone will take less, and someone will pay for the excess. Baggage can weigh 20, 23, 25 kg, hand luggage - 5, 7, 8, 10 kg, depending on the airline. And in 99% of cases, this will be written to you in detail on the itinerary receipt.

Liquids

The rules for carry-on luggage are quite strict. In total, you can carry no more than 1 liter of liquid (rum from duty free does not count), but each bottle can be no more than 100 ml in volume. “On the bottom” will not work: this is the case when not only the amount of liquid matters, but also the size of the bottle. And in an ideal world, all bottles and vials should be placed in a resealable transparent bag.

In fact, not everyone makes sure that all liquids are packaged in the notorious 18x20 cm transparent bag. At Moscow airports, no one pays attention to this additional packaging. But at the airport of the same Marseille, if, God forbid, you put nail polishes or mini-shampoos in different places, you will be forced to collect them throughout your suitcase and put them in a bag, which they, careless people, will give you anyway . It’s easier to prepare in advance and not be that bad person who slows down the entire line for inspection.

Anything over 100 ml goes into luggage. It is prohibited to transport flammable liquids in any form, so you will have to look for something to light a fire on the spot. Radioactive, poisonous and toxic is also a no-no. Liquefied gases, oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, not including hydrogen peroxide, are also prohibited. Play chemists at home.

How to carry alcohol on a plane

The amount of alcohol per passenger is regulated by customs. For example, 3 liters of alcohol per person over 18 years of age can be imported duty-free into the Russian Federation, with a duty of up to 5 liters; The norms differ in different countries. You cannot drink alcohol you brought with you or bought in duty-free on board. Although your neighbor behind you may drink a dozen small bottles of whiskey, this is generally prohibited. This habit may come back to haunt him in the future, when airline blacklists become not the exception, but the rule.

Water on the plane

You can take water with you on the plane, but only that which you buy at exorbitant prices at the airport after going through security. Your bottle will be asked to throw away in advance because it is clearly over 100ml. In many airports, in the clean area there are fountains with drinking water, which you can use to fill a bottle you have stored, but civilization has not yet reached everywhere.

How to carry perfume and eau de toilette on a plane

Eau de toilette is also water, but special. In hand luggage, it is subject to the general rules for transporting liquids (no more than 100 ml, but you can buy a large bottle in duty-free). But some countries have import restrictions. For example, you cannot import more than 50 ml of perfume and 250 ml of eau de toilette into Ireland. If you are not going to sell perfumes, this will be enough for you.

How to carry food on a plane

In the case of food, it is not so much the rules for transportation directly on the plane that are important, but the customs regulations of the countries between which you are flying. Moreover, they relate to both import and export. Well, sanctions, where would we be without it?

You can't officially bring food into the United States. This doesn’t stop some people who go to visit American friends from bringing in a jar of caviar, so they put on a straight face at the security check in the States. But in general, joking with American customs and border guards is very risky.

The French won't let you out with cheese in your hand luggage. They’ll take the tasty treat for themselves and won’t wince. If your soul requires a kilogram of brie or Roquefort, check it in your luggage. Or buy at duty-free, but the selection and prices there will not be the same as in a store in the city.

Is it possible to carry caviar, fish and other seafood on an airplane?

From the territory of Russia you can export up to 5 kg of fish and seafood and up to 250 g of sturgeon caviar in original packaging with store receipts. Beyond this, it is impossible to export sea wealth. And to import up to 5 kg of products of plant origin (except for seeds, seed material, planting material, potatoes) and up to 5 kg of products of animal origin. The latter can only be ready-made and in original packaging. We also periodically introduce bans and restrictions on the import of products from certain countries, which you also need to read about before your trip. The list of products prohibited for import into Russia can be found on the Rosselkhoznadzor website.

Meat, sausage, fruit

This applies to both meat and fruits, which simply cannot be imported from a number of countries. Most likely, you won’t be allowed on the plane with a whole watermelon, because it might burst. And with coconut, the peel of which cannot be cleared during inspection. Rules for exporting products from exotic countries like Thailand need to be clarified with the air carrier. You still won’t be able to import more than 5 kg, as we remember, but they will advise you on proper packaging.

Special rules may apply to anything with a strong smell. Even lemons from a customs-friendly country may not be allowed on board, because the strong smell of citrus fruits will displease other passengers. So those same French people who take away your cheese are just taking care of their seatmates, yes.

It's about the same story with sausage. They may prohibit you from taking it in hand luggage because of the aroma, and it is clearly not an essential product on a flight. Plus, you can’t import animal products into many countries: you never know, maybe you’ll introduce some kind of epidemic. The problem is the same with lard (if it’s in factory packaging, ok; if it’s in homemade packaging, then it’s out of bounds). So again: read the customs regulations of the destination country!

Honey, canned food, cakes

• Honey and oils, unless otherwise specified by customs regulations, can be transported in the same way as any liquids. Small containers will easily reach their destination on the plane, but large ones will fit in your luggage.
• Canned food It is worth checking in luggage and cans - depending on their volume. A small glass jar of jam or the same honey in hand luggage has never harmed anyone.
• If the stars align in such a way that you need to be carried on a plane cake, then know: formally you can transport cakes. But, just in case, check with the airline. They might be a little surprised there. Or regard the cake as a liquid in some places, and then you yourself remember the rules.
• What no one will prohibit are chocolates, candy bars, muesli, cookies and other sweets in factory packaging. Kilograms of all kinds of overseas sweets or a light snack for late flights are not taken away.

Baby food on the plane

Baby food is a special issue. It does not have to fit into the 100 ml standard; you can take it on board if you are flying with a child. This also includes dietary nutrition. At the same time, in the United States it is prohibited to carry powders and baby food with a volume of 12 ounces or 350 ml on board an aircraft.

Is it possible to carry hookahs, IQOS, vapes, lighters and cigarettes on a plane?

As for all sorts of things for smoking: you can carry them, you can’t use them. In terms of actual transportation, vapes, electronic cigarettes and IQOS most likely fall under the concept of electronics (more on that below). You need to take all this stuff into the cabin; you can’t charge it from sockets on the plane.

• The vast majority of airlines do not allow smoking in the aircraft cabin, including electronic cigarettes. IQOS is a new thing, it is not yet mentioned in advertisements, but in essence it is almost the same device, except that there is no water in it. Therefore, you cannot use IQOS on board an airplane.
• On some (especially American) airlines, it happens that people quietly smoke a vape right in the cabin, and flight attendants pass by. But this is the exception rather than the rule: smoke detectors have not been canceled. Then, like the poor Chinese, you will be warming up in Anadyr due to an emergency landing when these sensors are triggered.
• Nothing prohibits you from taking a hookah with you, but in many southern countries, where they are usually carried from, all parts except the glass bulb are asked to be checked in as luggage. Because the pipe can be used as a weapon.
• Information for the conservative: the amount of imported tobacco products is regulated by the customs of each specific country. Usually this is 200 cigarettes per person (one block), or 50 cigarillos, or 250 g of tobacco. In a number of eastern countries, where healthy lifestyle has not yet reached, more is allowed.
• Well, another important thing for smokers is that a disposable lighter can almost always be carried in hand luggage (one piece per person). This does not apply to gasoline lighters like Zippos; they cannot be carried on most airlines.

Medicines and syringes

This also depends on the country. In the UAE, for example, this is terribly strict: the import of antipyretics, painkillers and many other drugs is severely limited. You cannot import even basic Corvalol or Pentalgin. It’s also difficult with codeine-containing drugs (although it’s easy for some), as with antidepressants. To travel to Australia, you need to get prescriptions for everything, because they are extremely careful when it comes to importing medications. Analgin cannot be imported into the USA. If you have any questions or needs, it is better to study the customs regulations of the destination country and drug components in advance or consult the embassy.

Usually they ask to carry medicines in original packaging, and not to pour all the pills in a row into one jar. It's logical. In fact, most customs officers don’t care, but to avoid unnecessary hassle, it’s better to do it according to science.

Prescription drugs require a prescription. And by this word we do not mean a sticker with an advertisement for a drug on which the local doctor practices writing illegibly, but a real document with stamps and other amenities.

You need to be prepared for the fact that every tablet in your carry-on luggage may raise a question. A case from practice: on the flight (!) from Tunisia, the inspection service, standing over a gutted bag, demanded a prescription for noshpa for half an hour.

In principle, this is usually not very scary: already on the flight home you will lose standard pills for your stomach or head. But if this happens on flights far from home or with expensive medications, it’s not so fun. Therefore, it is better to hide important pills in a suitcase, and take only the necessary minimum with you to the salon. Or, if you are flying without luggage, play it safe with prescriptions.

To transport syringes and needles, you must also obtain medical documents confirming the need to fly with them. This is especially true for people with insulin-dependent diabetes, so that no one has an absurd requirement to check insulin in their luggage - this drug must be handled with care, and the luggage compartment of an airplane does not require this. Hypodermic needles cannot be transported without medical justification.

Weapons and folding knives

According to the rules of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, you can carry in your luggage crossbows, spearguns, checkers, sabers, cleavers, scimitars, broadswords, swords, rapiers, bayonets, daggers, knives with ejectable blades, with locking locks, simulators of any type of weapon.

Other weapons (for example, air pistols) can also be transported if all the paperwork is present, unless there is a restriction, as is often imposed during international sporting events. When checking in for a flight, you must inform airline representatives that you are carrying a weapon. Aeroflot asks such passengers to arrive early and check in no later than an hour and a half before departure.

On domestic flights, the owner of the weapon must have the appropriate permit; when importing or exporting weapons, a permit must be issued from the authorized body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Be prepared for the fact that upon departure the weapon will be taken away for “temporary storage” and will be issued only at the destination airport. It must be transported unloaded in proper packaging (holster, case, etc.), and ammunition must travel separately. The weight of this same ammunition should not exceed 5 kg per passenger. Cartridges for gas weapons are prohibited for transportation by air. In addition, the circulation of imported electroshock devices is prohibited, that is, you cannot buy a stun gun abroad and bring it to Russia.

Some countries have their own characteristics. For example, Vietnam and Belarus require that air pistols be handed over with the obligatory execution of a Transfer Certificate, and Spain has gone even further - they need any weapon, even fake ones, to be marked with special tags.

Important: you cannot even take imitation weapons into the salon. That is, we check toy pistols in luggage, despite the protests of five-year-old and thirty-five-year-old children.

Household knives and scissors can be carried in luggage. True, if you want to bring a cleaver, perhaps it will be sent for examination to see if it is a bladed weapon. But even folding (without a lock) travel or pocket knives with a blade length of less than 60 mm cannot be carried in hand luggage. Moreover, this rule is written in the section about booze from duty-free. So that they don’t open the package and bottle and get drunk. Corkscrews are also not allowed into the salon. And knitting needles. And then you never know.

Cash

As you understand, it is not the weight that is important here, but the quantity of currency (although a thousand bucks in one-cent coins will raise certain questions for any sane person). In general, declare and export millions, but without additional delays you are allowed to travel with the equivalent of 10,000 US dollars. Rarely do people need that much money in cash, but anything can happen.

The export of national currency from some countries is prohibited. Such states include Egypt, Tunisia and many other countries with their own unique money. Amateur numismatists can only be advised to hide a small amount of local money among the rubles and be ready to part with them if something happens (then make surprised eyes and say that you forgot what to take from you, tourists).

Cosmetics

• Creams, gels and other similar cosmetics are regulated in the same way as all liquids. You can take tubes and cones with a volume of no more than 100 ml into the salon, in total no more than 1 liter, and so on, and so on. You can take larger containers into your luggage, but several identical cones can be regarded as a commercial lot for sale, which must be declared.
• Paste (even toothpaste) belongs here, and it also needs to be placed in a bag of liquids. There is nothing illegal about carrying it in hand luggage, but you may not like it at security. For some reason, the Chinese are suspicious of it and love to open and sniff tubes of toothpaste while going through security. But maybe they just like it. We don't judge.
• Aerosols, even if they are not completely liquid and under pressure, can be transported along with liquid. According to Russian rules, it is permissible in luggage to carry aerosols intended for use for sports or household purposes, the valves of the cans are protected by caps, in containers with a capacity of no more than 0.5 kg or 500 ml. No more than 2 kg or 2 liters per passenger. In hand luggage - the same 100 ml.

  Aerosols, including deodorants, marked “flammable” are prohibited from being carried in hand luggage, even if the canister has a volume of less than 100 ml.

• We remember about small nail scissors: they, like a corkscrew, cannot be taken into the salon. An iron nail file can also be considered a weapon. So manicure items need to be checked in luggage. Or endure without them and fly with one soft file in your bag.

Electronics

Household electronic devices such as phones, power banks, laptops in hand luggage do not raise any questions. It is also not prohibited to check them in (turned off!) as luggage, but for the integrity and safety of your equipment, it is still more logical to take them with you into the cabin. Exception - ppower banks. They cannot be checked in as checked baggage, only in hand luggage.

At one time, airlines warned that it was strictly prohibited to carry Samsung Galaxy Note 7 on board (these are the same phones that exploded more often than they worked). The hype around them has died down now, but keep this in mind.

Professional audio and video equipment usually requires an airline permit.

You can take with you a hairdryer, electric razor, straightener or curling iron (if it is not pointed). In general, if an electrical device fits into the parameters of hand luggage, you can carry it, but in each specific case, a specific employee may not like it. Especially if you have a waffle iron, electric grill or something else.

Regular batteries and large accumulators should be carried in hand luggage, making sure that they do not accidentally short circuit with each other. Carrying spare batteries (separately from equipment) in luggage is prohibited.

A special place is occupied by small-sized means of personal transportation, in Russian - unicycles, Segways, hoverboards, electric scooters and hoverboards. The reason is the large lithium batteries they run on. At Aeroflot (which follows the recommendations of IATA, the International Air Transport Association), they must be checked in as baggage after first removing the battery and taking it in hand luggage. The battery must meet the power standard: 160 Wh. If the battery cannot be removed, such a device is processed through the airport cargo terminal as “dangerous cargo.”

Other

This is where even more fun begins than before, balancing on the brink of customs legislation and common sense.

Corals cannot be exported from Egypt. From some African countries - ebony crafts. Many maritime countries will not let you out with shells picked up on the beach. Keep receipts for souvenirs, as they say, until the end of the trip. Special rules apply to antiques and animal skins. According to Russian customs regulations, you cannot export (even on yourself) diamonds worth more than $75,000.

Many people do not check musical instruments in their luggage. Not because it’s impossible to do this (the company is doing their best to register them as fragile oversized luggage), but out of love for the instrument. For large instruments, like the double bass or cello, it is customary to buy a ticket so that they “sit” in the next chair and nothing happens to them. Small instruments are accepted as carry-on luggage. If you are not a pro, but just want to take your father's guitar to play somewhere in the mountains, you can buy a reinforced concrete (figuratively speaking) case and put the instrument in the luggage compartment, making sure that it is marked as fragile.

Fragile luggage can be anything oversized: for example, a TV or your grandmother’s favorite floor vase that you are taking as a gift to a pen pal. It is advisable to inform the airline in advance that you are traveling and take care of the packaging. Remember: fragile in the understanding of movers does not mean over-delicacy. And in general, anything can happen. So ten layers of foam and a normal box are on your conscience. Well, yes, you will have to pay extra for such cargo. Sometimes, to calm down, you can use the life hack of musicians and arrange a place in the cabin for your cargo. However, this is also done in agreement with the airline, and not simply with the purchase of two tickets.

Another question is whether the vase is a work of art. Or whether a painting bought at a flea market is valuable. If you are bringing something from abroad, keep your receipt. You can transport a framed painting in your hand luggage if it fits in size. And in a transparent film - so that it can be seen that you did not steal Kuindzhi again. To export even your own paintings from Russia, it is recommended to issue a certificate stating that the Ministry of Culture is not against it and the painting was painted in our time. It’s possible without this, but it depends on your luck. Well, if suddenly the truth is something incredibly valuable, good luck with the paperwork. Take care of the papers in advance.

If you bought a cabinet, a granite countertop, a giant refrigerator, or a car that doesn't run, you'll have to ship it to you via freight. And sometimes by sea: this is a quite common practice, and although containers with cargo take a long time to travel by sea, at least you can drag the entire contents of a two-story house this way.

For sports: skis, snowboards, bicycles, surfboards and diving equipment can be easily checked in as luggage. Sometimes companies even introduce free transportation of such things for the season, in addition to luggage. Transportation of large sports equipment (like a vaulting pole) is subject to agreement with the airline. Only paintball fans may have problems: a paintball gun, according to the law, is a product structurally similar to a weapon, so a permit must be issued for its export. It is difficult to import such equipment, but it is possible: you will have to work hard to prove that it is not a weapon, but a toy/sports equipment, and perhaps involve lawyers who are familiar with the product nomenclature used by customs officers and various acts. Think twice about whether you need it.

For the romantic ones: bouquets of flowers are allowed to be carried in the salon even at Pobeda, but live, uncut plants must undergo control and receive special documents stating that they do not pose any danger.

To travel with your favorite animal, you need to obtain a veterinary passport. Only cats and small dogs are allowed on board in carriers that can be placed in the cabin, but large animals must travel in the luggage compartment. In the case of exotic creatures (snakes, lizards, many species of birds), permission will be required, that they can be exported or imported, they do not carry any infection and their relocation will not be an irreparable loss for the population.

Bottom line

There are general international rules regulating the transportation of one or another category of things. But remember this worldly wisdom: if, before transporting something non-trivial, you doubt whether it is worth applying for additional permits or whether goodies will be confiscated at the border, it is better to consult the embassy of the destination country, or at least just read the customs documents. It won't be redundant.

So, an exciting journey awaits you. Tickets have already been purchased, thoughts are melting with anticipation of novelty and pleasant pleasures. For thoughts to become reality, you just need to properly prepare for the trip. You need to start by packing the things you will need during the trip.

When packing your suitcase, remember that on the way back it is always heavier from purchases and gifts. We remind you that everything you take on the road must be divided into two unequal parts:
- hand luggage
– checked luggage

One will be with you in the aircraft cabin and is called hand luggage (or cabin baggage, if it is stored in a special cabinet in the aircraft cabin if you wish). You are responsible for its safety yourself.

And the second one will fly with you, but in the luggage compartment of the plane and is called checked baggage. The airline is responsible for the safety of this baggage.

You need to keep in mind that the rules for transporting baggage on an airplane are different for hand luggage and checked baggage. Those. What you can take with you under the guise of checked baggage may be prohibited for transportation in the aircraft cabin. So below are the basic rules for transporting luggage.

HAND BAGGAGE – hand luggage on an airplane can weigh from 5 to 18 kilograms (depending on the requirements of the carrier’s airline, route, fare, ticket). As a rule, hand luggage consists of:

All necessary documents (passports, valuable business papers, credit cards, vouchers, insurance)
-valuable and fragile things (video cameras, laptops, jewelry, glasses, etc.)
- vital medications, baby food
-and the rest depends on your tastes and personal life.

Approximate hand luggage size
For the safety and comfort of passengers, hand luggage should not exceed the permitted dimensions so that it can be stowed under the seat of the aircraft seat. Usually these sizes are 55x40x20 cm.

There are exceptions, for example, the Air Astana company allows business class passengers to carry hand luggage weighing up to 18 kilograms in the aircraft cabin. And at the Lufthansa airline, first and business class passengers are allowed to take two pieces of hand luggage, and for economy class passengers - one. The permissible dimensions of one piece of hand luggage have been increased to 55x40x23, and the weight should not exceed 23 kilograms.

The main thing that should not be forgotten is that any items that pose a danger to others, their simulators and models (these are radioactive, toxic substances, weapons, piercing, cutting and explosive objects) are strictly prohibited in the passenger’s carry-on luggage.

Due to the increasing frequency of terrorist attacks, requirements have been tightened and restrictions have been introduced on liquids, even on toiletries and cosmetics (it is interesting that shaving foam and toothpaste are also classified as liquids). The maximum volume of liquid in any container must not exceed 100 milliliters, and the total amount of liquid per person in hand luggage cannot exceed one liter. In addition, all liquids must be placed in one resealable transparent bag.

And the remaining liquids exceeding this volume will have to be packed in checked baggage, where they will be accepted without any problems. Baby food and medications that may be needed during the flight can be packed in a transparent, non-sealable bag.

Carrying liquids on an airplane
In addition to the free baggage allowance, you can bring alcohol, cigarettes and perfumes purchased at Duty Free, items of clothing, flowers, canes, umbrellas, a folded stroller, a cradle, a book, a laptop (they are not presented at weigh-in).

CHECKED BAGGAGE. We've sorted out the hand luggage, now we'll pack the checked luggage. The norms for carried checked baggage are established according to only two systems:

Limitation (norms) on the number of seats and weight
- weight limit (norms)

In most cases, standards are set for the number of seats. What does it mean? The passenger has the right to carry free of charge:
in business class - two pieces weighing no more than 32 kilograms each
in economy class - one seat, no more than 23 kilograms each

Some companies, in order to attract customers, allow additional pieces of free baggage. For example, on Czech airlines, Gold and Elite Plus cardholders are entitled to free transportation of one additional piece of baggage, but weighing no more than 23 kilograms.

What should you keep in mind when packing? The rules for transporting baggage on an airplane state that the weight of baggage cannot be added up! If one suitcase is heavier than the allowable limit, and the other is lighter than the permissible limit, but in total they do not exceed the permitted limit, then you will still have to pay extra for the overweight of the first suitcase. The weight of a suitcase or bag is taken into account when weighing it.

Remember! During transportation, the weight of luggage is not summed up
Weight restrictions (baggage allowance) means that a passenger has the right to carry any number of bags free of charge, but their total weight must be equal to or less than the norm for a given route and class of service. The current weight limit for a specific route must be found in the ticket or in the fare rules on the airline’s website. For example, at Air Astana, the total weight of baggage and hand luggage is no more than thirty kilograms for business class and twenty kilograms for economy class passengers.

What is the size limit for free baggage allowance? According to safety requirements, the maximum size of one piece of packed luggage is established based on the sum of three dimensions (length, width, height). As a rule, this is 158 cm. There are also exceptions here - for the companies Utair.ru and S7 Airlines, the dimensions of one piece of packed luggage should not exceed 203 centimeters and a weight of 32 kilograms at the comfort class fare.

An exception is made for wheelchairs, musical instruments, and sports equipment that cannot be divided into parts.

Absolutely all airlines have a general rule - excess baggage by weight, quantity, dimensions must be paid at the appropriate rates. Each company has its own rates for paying overweight.

Attention! If you pay extra for excess weight, the weight of one piece of checked baggage cannot exceed 50 kg!

In addition to the baggage requirements of carrier airlines, each specific country has a list of things and products that are restricted or prohibited from being imported or exported into the country. For example, you cannot import more than 200 cigarettes into Turkey, and you cannot import gambling equipment into Israel.

The permissible weight varies from 23 to 32 kg free of charge per passenger, and for a child under 2 years old a maximum of 10 kg is set.

Weight is set depending on the fare of your trip(economy class, business class, etc.). As a rule, when traveling in business class you are allowed to carry more weight than in economy class.

Remember that you cannot transport it in the luggage compartment of an airplane, whose weight exceeds the permissible maximum; will have to do in excess of the established norm, therefore, to avoid such situations at the airport, measure the weight of your suitcase yourself at home on regular scales or transfer everything into bags and suitcases.

However, in some European countries, loaders refuse to load more than 32 kg on board, and in this case the additional payment will not help in any way and you will have to put everything into an additional bag.

Your baggage is not added up in any way, and if one of your bags weighs within the normal limits and the other weighs more, then you only pay for the excess weight of the second bag.

It is worth noting that in some Western countries (Canada, USA) or the so-called members of the SkyTeam alliance, which includes the famous airline Aeroflot, a baggage purchase system is used.

A piece of luggage is 1-2 free pieces(depending on the tariff) one piece of luggage up to 23 kg (economy class), and in business class it is free 2 pieces weighing up to 32 kg for each piece of luggage, that is, luggage in this case is counted individually.

For example, you can take 2 free pieces with a capacity of up to 23 kg. One of your bags weighs 18 kg, and the other 25 kg, then your first bag is one free piece of luggage, and the second is already the second separate piece, for the excess of which you need to pay extra.

If you have airline bonus cards, then they will provide an additional 1 place.

There are also situations when a passenger needs to transport: musical instruments, household appliances, large items, then in this case you must first agree with your airline, where you will have to pay additionally for such transportation.

However, be prepared that they may refuse, since not all airliner loading hatches are capable of transporting such heavy objects.

However, as an exception, passengers can transport disabled people and, sports equipment, which counts as one free piece of baggage.

Special permission

You may carry certain items that require special permission and compliance with the necessary conditions. They pose a particular danger, and therefore they are kept in special compartments of the aircraft with restricted access.

These include: firearms, guns for hunting, checkers, sabers, crossbows, gas cartridges, large scissors, etc.

As for weapons, you can carry them on an aircraft on domestic and international flights, but only if you have the right to carry and store weapons, and in the case of international flights, then an international permit.

Before going through customs inspection, you are required to notify an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs or a customs officer that you are transporting weapons, where they will be registered and deposited in special compartments of the aircraft or handed over to the crew for storage.

Remember that each airline and the airport itself sets its own restrictions.

Any weapon must be in a case and unloaded. For example, gas pistol cartridges are generally prohibited from being transported by airliner at Vnukovo airport.

All of the above items are handed over to the owner unchanged at the airport at the place of arrival.

What happens to seized items?

If dangerous or prohibited items are found in your possession, then naturally they are subject to confiscation. Each airport has a list of things prohibited from being carried on an airplane, as well as instructions, procedures and deadlines for their destruction and sale.

However, according to the general rule all prohibited items are disposed of.

As a rule, organizations that deal with the disposal of seized objects are not made public, and you will not know where they ended up.

Once removed, they are packed in black bags or packages and then burned or damaged so much that they are no longer usable.

If any items are confiscated from you, then the inspection staff will draw up a special seizure report. You have every right to demand it.

If you believe that things have been illegally taken from you, which are not prohibited by the airline and airport rules, you can go to court.

If you are transporting weapons or ammunition without the appropriate permit or even toxic or explosive substances, then problems cannot be avoided, and the internal affairs bodies will initiate criminal proceedings against you.

Weapons and other restricted items will be handed over to the police.

To avoid losing valuables, you can alternatively send them by mail or through international delivery services; leave it in a storage room for a fee; transfer to relatives or friends for storage, etc.

Therefore, before you go on a trip or business trip, carefully learn the rules for transporting cargo in the luggage compartment and hand luggage, since any seemingly insignificant thing can complicate your further flight.

On February 15, 2018, Aeroflot began strictly checking the size, quantity and weight of hand luggage. The hand luggage of all passengers is now not only counted and weighed, but also placed in a calibrator - a measuring frame.

Depending on the airport, they may be checked several times: at check-in, before passport control and at the boarding gate.

According to the airline's explanations, this measure was introduced due to complaints from passengers that hand luggage was being passed through unchecked and there was not enough space for things on board.

Latest changes to Aeroflot's hand luggage rules in 2018

• checking the weight, dimensions and amount of hand luggage for all passengers;
• the dimensions of hand luggage were increased by 5 cm - up to 55x40x25 cm;
• in hand luggage you can carry musical instruments up to 135 cm in total dimensions and a guitar of any size;
• a camera, laptop, book and umbrella are now included in the main (and not additional, as was previously the case) hand luggage and are also subject to weighing.

In addition to the main piece of hand luggage weighing 10-15 kg and dimensions 55x40x25 cm, you can carry on board free of charge:

• a backpack weighing 5 kg and measuring no more than 80 cm in the sum of three dimensions, or a handbag, or a briefcase;
• one sealed duty free bag measuring no more than 115 cm in the sum of three dimensions;
• bouquet of flowers;
• outerwear;
• baby food for the duration of the flight;
• suit in a suitcase;
• a cradle or restraint device for children under 2 years of age or a folding stroller weighing no more than 7 kg and dimensions no more than 42x50x20 cm;
• medications required during the flight;
• crutches, canes, walkers, rollators, folding wheelchair.

A laptop, camera, book and folding umbrella now need to be packed inside the main piece of hand luggage. You can put your phone in your pocket. The umbrella cane must be checked in as luggage.

You can put things in the frame on either side, but if the wheels or handle are sticking out, you will have to check them in as luggage (if you exceed the limit, you will have to pay extra). They can check at check-in, before passport control and before the boarding gate.

You can take free of charge in your hand luggage on board Aeroflot:

• one piece measuring 55x40x25 cm and weighing 10 kg in Economy and Comfort classes and 15 kg in Business class;
• a backpack of 5 kg and 80 cm in the sum of three dimensions or a handbag or briefcase;
• a duty-free package, outerwear, a suit in a briefcase, a folding baby stroller, a bouquet of flowers, medicines, a folding wheelchair for people with disabilities.

You cannot pay and carry more items in your hand luggage than you are allowed.

How to carry duty-free goods in hand luggage

You can take into the salon one sealed branded duty free bag measuring no more than 115 cm in the sum of three dimensions. There are no restrictions on the volume of liquids for duty-free purchases: feel free to buy alcohol and perfume in bottles larger than 100 ml, just do not open the package before leaving the city at the arrival airport.

What cannot be carried in Aeroflot hand luggage:

• sharp objects with a blade longer than 60 mm: knives, scissors, corkscrews, needles, knitting needles. If the blade is shorter, it may still be prohibited by airport security, so it's safer to check it in your luggage;
• liquids, gels and aerosols in containers larger than 100 ml: cream, honey and jam will not be allowed through. An exception is baby food and a special diet (a doctor’s certificate is required);
• flammable and explosive substances, pyrotechnics: gas cylinder for a tourist burner, firecrackers, sparklers. But you can use one regular gas lighter;
• alcohol, except for those purchased in duty-free;
• weapons and ammunition;
• weapon simulators (including toy ones);
• lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of more than 160 Wh. From 100 to 160 Wh - airline permission required. Up to 100 Wh (phones, laptops) - can be inside the equipment, pack spare batteries so that there is no short circuit;
• Segways, hoverboards, hoverboards, electric scooters, and unicycles powered by lithium batteries must be checked in as baggage by removing the battery, which is only allowed in hand luggage.

How many things can you check in for free at Aeroflot?

Aeroflot has a piece luggage system. 1PC or 2PC on a ticket means how many pieces of baggage of a certain weight you can check in. In business class you have two seats - 32 kg each, in Comfort and Economy Premium - two seats of 23 kg, in other Economy fares - one seat 23 kg.

The maximum dimensions for free baggage are 158 cm in the sum of length, width and height. Anything that does not fit in is checked in at excess baggage rates.

Is it possible to add up the weight and size of luggage?

If you are flying with your family, friend or colleague on the same ticket, you can combine the allowed weight of free baggage. That is, a husband and wife have the right to check in suitcases weighing 20 and 26 kilograms instead of two weighing 23 kilograms without additional payment, or distribute the weight in another way. But there is a limitation: each suitcase must be within 32 kg.

For two people, 158 + 158 = 316 cm is the sum of length, width and height. This means that you can check in one bag measuring 203 cm and a second bag measuring 113 cm free of charge in the luggage compartment. A bag larger than 203 cm cannot be shared.

How much does it cost to pay extra for overweight and oversized luggage at the airport?

Baggage that exceeds the free allowance in terms of the number of pieces, weight and dimensions is rented for an additional fee. On flights within Russia you will have to pay from 2,500 to 7,500 rubles, depending on what and how much is exceeded. For example, you will pay 2,500 rubles if you keep within 32 kg. Surcharge on international flights - from 50 to 200 euros. Baggage from 32 to 50 kg and more than 203 cm in the sum of three dimensions can only be transported by agreement with the airline.

What cannot be carried in Aeroflot checked baggage

• alcohol stronger than 70 degrees;
• more than 5 liters of alcohol from 24 to 70 degrees;
• explosives and flammable substances, compressed and liquefied gases: paints, solvents, butane, propane, including in cylinders for burners, liquid and gas for refilling lighters, gasoline and diesel, ethyl alcohol, acetone;
• gas and gasoline lighters;
• magnetized substances;
• toxic, caustic and corrosive substances: hydrochloric acid, bleach;
• weapons and ammunition are allowed to be transported on an airplane, but separately from luggage and must be specially registered;
• e-Sigs;
• lithium-ion batteries with a capacity of more than 160 Wh, from 100 to 160 Wh - with the permission of the airline, inside the equipment. Small lithium-ion batteries up to 100 Wh for phones and laptops can be carried in luggage only inside equipment; take spare batteries in hand luggage.

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Important: In this guide, we look at common requirements common to most airlines. We strongly recommend that you check each specific case with the air carrier.

Airlines usually allow you to carry hand luggage and one additional personal item on board. For example, a small bag. It’s more or less clear what can be carried in hand luggage. But these rules often do not apply to personal belongings.

Because of this confusion, many do not fully understand what is considered personal property and what is not. Usually it goes like this: you just take your backpack on board with you and hope there won’t be any problems. It's time to stop being afraid, now we will explain everything.

What is considered personal property?

A personal item is something that can be carried as a plus in your carry-on baggage and is usually free.For example, a small bag, backpack or similar item that fits under the front seat.

But please note: different airlines have different rules. Check the information before going to the airport.

What is the difference between personal items and carry-on luggage?

Carry-on luggage can be quite large and is placed in the overhead luggage compartment. Personal items are small items and are placed under the front seat.

Is a backpack a personal item or carry-on luggage?

Some airlines don't say this on their websites. Therefore, just in case, do not stuff your backpack tightly with things and be sure to check its dimensions.

List of things you can carry with you

According to paragraph 135 of FAP 82, you can take these things along with your hand luggage:

• A backpack, the weight and dimensions of which are established by the rules of the carrier, or a handbag, or a briefcase with things included in the backpack, or bag, or briefcase
• Bouquet
• Outerwear
• Baby food for the child during the flight
• Suit in a suitcase
• A device for carrying a child (baby cradle, restraint systems (devices) for children under two years of age, baby stroller and other devices) when transporting a child, the dimensions of which are established by the carrier's rules and allow them to be safely placed in the aircraft cabin on a shelf above the passenger seat or under the seat in front of the passenger seat
• Medicines, special dietary needs in the amount required for the duration of the flight
• Crutches, canes, walkers, rollators, folding wheelchairs, used by a passenger and having dimensions that allow them to be safely placed in the aircraft cabin on a shelf above the passenger seat or under the seat in front of the passenger seat
• Goods purchased in duty-free shops at the airport, packed in a sealed plastic bag, the weight and dimensions of which are established by the carrier’s rules

Photos, video cameras and laptops will now have to be packed in hand luggage. It is unlikely that you will be able to transport a cane umbrella, but a small umbrella that fits the dimensions is quite possible.

The list varies by airline, be sure to check with your carrier.

List of things that CANNOT be carried with you

Knives and other sharp objects. They must be packed and checked in as luggage.

Liquids over 100 ml

Firearms (obviously, but we'll leave it here just in case)

Rules for transporting personal belongings in different airlines

All airlines adhere to approximately the same rules for transporting personal items and hand luggage: items must be safe and fit properly.

But there are still some differences, so we have collected the requirements of the three most popular Russian carriers: Aeroflot, S7 and Pobeda.

Aeroflot

You can carry (per one passenger):

A backpack up to 5 kg and weighing, in the sum of three dimensions, no more than 80 cm. Either a handbag or a briefcase.

Bouquet of flowers.

Outerwear.

Baby food for the child during the flight.

Suit in a suitcase.

A device for carrying a child (baby cradle, restraint systems (devices) for children under two years of age, baby stroller with dimensions no more than 42x50x20 cm).

Medications.

Crutches, canes, walkers, folding wheelchair, removable prosthetic limbs (arms, legs), portable oxygen concentrator (with dimensions no more than 55x40x20 cm).

Products from Duty-free.

S7

At the “Basic” fare, you can carry hand luggage up to 10 kg and dimensions not exceeding 55x40x23 cm. In addition to such a bag, you are allowed to take:

• A handbag, briefcase or backpack (weight no more than 5 kg, and dimensions should not exceed 75 cm in the sum of three dimensions).
• Bouquet.
• Outerwear.
• Baby food for your child during the flight.
• Suit in a suitcase.
• Device for carrying a child. Dimensions: no more than 55x40x23 cm.
• Medicines, special dietary products in the quantities required for the duration of the flight.
• Crutches, canes, walkers, rollators, folding wheelchairs used by the passenger.
• Products purchased at Duty Free. Purchases must be packaged in a sealed plastic bag, weighing no more than 3 kg, and the dimensions in the sum of three dimensions no more than 75 cm.

"Victory"

“Victory” is a special case. The airline provides favorable prices for air tickets, but its approach to transporting passengers is non-standard.

On February 19, 2019, Pobeda changed the rules; now they formally comply with the requirements of the Federal Aviation Regulations.

You can take one piece of hand luggage into the aircraft cabin, weighing no more than 10 kg and dimensions up to 36 cm x 30 cm x 4 cm. Hand luggage must fit into the calibrator.

In addition, you can take with you:

A handbag or briefcase/backpack with dimensions of 36x30x23 centimeters.

Outerwear.

One suit in a suitcase.

Bouquet.

Medicines and food for the child.

Baby cradle when transporting a child.

Used crutches, cane.

Products from DUTY FREE with dimensions no more than 10 x 10 x 5 cm.

But it is not exactly. “Victory” may not miss something, even if that “something” is on the list.

The absence of an indication of the weight and dimensions of some items cannot be regarded as an opportunity to transport items that are obviously not small and allow them to be placed in carry-on baggage areas without prejudice to the rights of other passengers or security requirements as determined by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation . The carry-on baggage allowance is not cumulative and does not apply to children under 2 years of age transported without a separate seat.As an alternative to these rules, you can use the previously valid rules for the carriage of hand luggage (as amended until February 18, 2019): hand luggage is not limited in quantity and weight, but a hand luggage meter with dimensions of 36 x 30 x 27 centimeters must be freely placed.Also, in addition to the established carry-on baggage allowance, a passenger can carry a laptop or tablet in the cabin.